Feline asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects cats’ lower airways, leading to episodes of wheezing, coughing, and difficulty breathing. Understanding how to recognize and manage asthma in cats is crucial for their health and well-being.
Recognizing Asthma in Cats
Asthma in cats can present itself in various ways. Here are some common signs:
- Wheezing: A high-pitched whistling sound when breathing.
- Coughing: Often confused with retching or unproductive vomiting.
- Labored Breathing: Increased effort to breathe, often with an open mouth.
- Rapid Breathing: An increased respiratory rate, which can sometimes be subtle.
- Lethargy: Your cat may become less active and appear tired.
- Bluish Gums and Tongue: Indicating a lack of oxygen and requiring immediate veterinary attention.
What Does a Cat Asthma Attack Sound Like?
During an asthma attack, you might hear:
- Wheezing: Continuous or intermittent whistling sounds.
- Coughing: Repeated, dry hacking sounds that may mimic the sounds made before a hairball is produced.
- Rapid Breathing: Increased respiratory rate, sometimes with a noticeable effort or open mouth “panting”.
- Gagging or Choking: Your cat may appear to gag or choke, which can be alarming.
How to Help Your Cat During an Asthma Attack
When your cat is having an asthma attack:
- Stay Calm: Your calm demeanor can help soothe your cat. Cats can pick up on their owner’s anxiety, which can worsen their symptoms.
- Minimize Stress: Keep the environment quiet and stress-free. Turn off loud noises and keep other pets and children away.
- Administer Medication: If prescribed, use a metered-dose inhaler with a spacer designed for cats. Ensure you follow the veterinarian’s instructions on how to use the inhaler correctly.
- Open Windows: If possible, open windows to allow fresh air to circulate, but ensure your cat cannot escape. Do not do this during times of high pollen counts or if there are outdoor allergens.
- Contact Your Vet: Seek immediate veterinary care if the attack is severe, if your cat does not respond to their usual medication, or if this is the first time your cat has had such symptoms.
Diagnosis of Cat Asthma
Diagnosing cat asthma involves several steps:
- Medical History:
- Detailed history of symptoms: Frequency, duration, and severity of coughing, wheezing, and breathing difficulties.
- Environmental factors: Exposure to potential allergens like dust, cigarette smoke, mold, and certain cleaning products, air fresheners, candles, or other outdoor allergens.
- Physical Examination:
- Thorough check-up by a veterinarian, listening for abnormal lung sounds using a stethoscope.
- Diagnostic Tests:
- X-rays: To visualize the lungs and airways, look for signs of inflammation or other lung conditions.
- Blood Tests: To rule out other conditions and check for high levels of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell often elevated in allergic conditions.
- Bronchoscopy: In certain instances, a tiny camera can be utilized to directly inspect the airways.
- Fecal Examination: To rule out parasites that might cause respiratory symptoms.
Treatment Options
Managing cat asthma typically includes:
Medication:
- Inhaled Corticosteroids: These medications help decrease inflammation in the airways. They are often administered using a special cat inhaler and spacer.
- Bronchodilators: These help to open up the airways and make breathing easier. They are also usually administered via inhaler.
- Oral Medications: In some cases, oral corticosteroids or other medications might be prescribed, especially if inhaled medications are not sufficient.
Environmental Changes:
- Reduce Allergens: Minimize exposure to dust, smoke, pollen, and other allergens. Use air purifiers and regularly clean your home.
- Avoid Certain Cleaning Products: Use pet-safe cleaning products and avoid those with strong scents. Avoid air fresheners and scented candles.
- No Smoking: Ensure no one smokes inside the house. Smoke can significantly worsen asthma symptoms.
- Use Hypoallergenic Bedding: For your cat’s sleeping area, use hypoallergenic materials that reduce dust and mites.
- Use dust-free” Litter
Regular Check-ups:
- Veterinary Visits: Regular check-ups to monitor your cat’s condition and adjust treatment as needed.
- Monitoring Symptoms: Keep a log of your cat’s symptoms and any asthma attacks to help your vet manage their treatment effectively.
Cat asthma is a manageable condition with proper care and treatment. By understanding the signs, diagnosis, and treatment options, you can help ensure your cat lives a comfortable and healthy life. Remember to always stay calm during an asthma attack, provide a stress-free environment, administer prescribed medication, and seek veterinary care when necessary. With these steps, you can significantly improve your cat’s quality of life and manage their asthma effectively.
Always consult with your veterinarian for the best practices and treatments tailored to your cat’s specific needs.