The carpus is a series of joints in the dog and cat forelimb that are more commonly known as the wrist. Carpal hyperextension, seen in dogs and cats, most often occurs when a pet jumps down from a height and lands hard on their front legs, placing high amounts of strain on the carpus. This heavy strain can cause the joint to extend beyond its naturally intended range of motion and damage the surrounding supporting ligaments and fibrocartilage.
Your pet’s lameness may vary depending on the degree of structural damage and stability on their other limbs.
Diagnosis
- Orthopedic Examination & Gait Evaluation
- Radiographs (also known as X-rays) highlight the bones comprising the carpus. Stressed radiographs can be performed to demonstrate widening of the joint space and instability.
Treatment Options
Non-surgical
In mild cases of hyperextension, often those with discomfort but without instability, treatment with a splint or brace may be possible. These devices provide stability to the carpus during your pet’s normal ambulation and allow the damaged structures to heal on their own. This healing typically comes in the form of scar tissue and can provide enough stability in mild cases for your pet to return to their normal activity. The splint or brace is typically worn for a period of 8-12 weeks but can vary depending on your pet’s progress.
Surgical
In cases of carpal hyperextension with severe instability, a carpal arthrodesis is recommended. This procedure involves fusing of the carpus using orthopedic plates and screws. With a fused carpus, your pet’s discomfort will be mitigated as there is no longer any abnormal motion in the joint. The lack of motion in the joint can sometimes cause a mechanical, or functional, lameness, but typically the procedure is well tolerated. Further details would be discussed during your consultation with the surgeon.